Anatomy+Intro

toc =Introduction to the Block and the Language of Anatomy= Dr. Carole Bennett-Clarke, PhD 2 Nov 2007 @ 8 AM

Objectives
> Anatomical position is defined as standing with the arms at the sides and the palms of the hands facing forward (supine), and the fingers pointing down. It is important as it provides a standard reference to describe the relative positions of body parts/regions (eg. the thumbs are lateral to the fingers) > The sagittal plane divides the body vertically into left and right sections, with the median plane (midsaggital) dividing the body down the middle. > The coronal (frontal) plane divides the body vertically into front and back sections. > The transverse (cross-sectional, horizontal) plane divides the body horizontally into upper and lower sections. > See table of definitions below. I paired up the terms as they are generally antonyms. > Anatomical eponyms are structures that are named after a person (usually the person that discovered it, eg. Circle of Willis). Eponyms will be avoided in this class and they will stick to anatomical names which describe the structure better and are more consistent. > Anatomical structures can also be derived from the root of the word, as well as the prefix and suffix.
 * 1) **Describe anatomical position. Why is it significant?**
 * 1) **Identify the planes of reference used to locate the structure of the body.**
 * 1) **Define and be able to properly use descriptive and directional anatomical terms**

Definitions
anything on the front surface || Dorsal/Posterior anything on the back surface || above/towards the head || Inferior/Caudal below/towards the feet || towards the midline || Lateral away from the midline || towards the center/core || External (describes organs) away from the center/core || towards the surface || Deep (describes muscles) away from the surface || between superficial/deep ||  || close to it's attachment/origin || Distal away from the attachment/origin || decrease the angle of a joint || Extension increase the angle of a joint || moving away from midline "__abduct__ from the body" || Adduction moving towards the midline "__ad__ding to the body" || movement along or around an axis || Circumduction circular movement of a limb that outlines a cone || turning the palm up || Pronation turning the palm down || raising the toes up || Plantar Flexion pushing the toes down || turning the sole of the foot medially || Eversion turning the sole of the foot laterally ||
 * Ventral/Anterior
 * Superior/Cranial
 * Superior/Cranial
 * Medial
 * Medial
 * Internal (describes organs)
 * Internal (describes organs)
 * Superficial (describes muscles)
 * Superficial (describes muscles)
 * Intermediate
 * Proximal
 * Proximal
 * Flexion
 * Flexion
 * Abduction
 * Abduction
 * Rotation
 * Rotation
 * Supination
 * Supination
 * Dorsiflexion
 * Dorsiflexion
 * Inversion
 * Inversion

Block Introduction Notes
Handouts for unit 1 are handed out in the front of the class, along with three pages of scheduling.

The class is organized in a **regional** approach (back, arms, chest, abdomen, pelvis, legs, head/neck) which contrasts from a system based approach taught in undergraduate institutions (skeletal, muscular, circulatory, etc) due to the added dissection component. The course objectives cover **topics in gross anatomy, skin/integument, microanatomy, and embryology**.

Professionalism is also an integral part of the course, within team working, punctuality (on time for lab), completion of assignments, and accepting constructive feedback from faculty and peers. In regards to attendance, lecture requirements are similar to Block 1. **Lab attendance is not mandatory, but will be monitored by the staff, so let your lab team know if you will be absent.** Attendance is mandatory for all 5 small group case discussion sessions (Unit 1: 11/21, 12/10).


 * WebCT will be used** similiarly to Block 1, with lectures posted when available. Some lecturers (Yeasting) will have no handouts, some (CBC) will use overheads, and some will use lecture outlines (Crissman). The powerpoints for those lecturers using outlines will be posted after their lecture. Discussion boards will also be available on WebCT as well, however they are reserved for the faculty to post answers to commonly asked questions.


 * Exams are weighted per exam depending on the percentage** of the final grade. Written exams are usually 145-150 questions long, and the lab practical is limited to a maximum of 85 questions. The breakdown is as follows:
 * Quizzes 5% (Quiz 1 2%, Quiz 2 3%)
 * Exam 1 30.5% (Written 14%, Practical 16.5%)
 * Exam 2 30.5% (Written 14%, Practical 16.5%)
 * Exam 3 33% (Written 16.5%, Practical 16.5%)
 * Evaluations 1% (3 team dissection evaluations, 2 case presentations at 3 pt. each)

The textbook list is listed in the handouts and on WebCT. Basically, have a reference book that is based on a regional approach (has a chapter titled "Back" and not "Circulatory System"). **You must have an embryology textbook**, although last year's edition is fine. Also, **every team has to have a Grant's dissector and atlas in lab**. You can purchase your own dissector if you wish to read the dissections ahead of time. Notecards are really only useful for studying.

CBC mentions that the faculty have a combined 200+ years of teaching, so enjoy the quality! They are very approachable, but do not expect them to review the material with you. Instead, **come with a set of questions**, and they'll do their best to answer them and clarify any confusion.

There will be an **additional class on Wednesday 11/7 at 1 PM** in the usual room. Dr. CBC will be giving an orientation to gross anatomy lab, discussing rules and whatnot. They are using a new system in labs this year, designed to allow students better access to the faculty. **Labs are split in two** this year (odd tables vs. even tables). Some labs will only have half the tables present (eg. Lab 1 split into Thursday and Friday sessions) and some labs will be split in two on the same day (eg. Lab 2 where some teams come in at 1, some come in at 2:30). If you are scheduled to come later in the session (eg. 2:30) please **do not come early and bug the faculty with questions**, allow the first group to have the full attention of the faculty.

On exam days, there will be no PBL session before the test so **we get 2 full study days**. Half the lab will have the practical from 1-3, and half from 3-5 (exam about 113 minutes long). Surgery club will have mock lab practicals so you can get used to the process. Do not ask what time your lab exam is for December 14 as it has not be scheduled yet. The scheduling is random, but **if you get the early slot for the first exam (before winter break), then you will be guaranteed the late slot for the last exam (before spring break)** to be fair. **You can switch** the times with someone else by the both of you sending e-mails to Dr. CBC.


 * The quiz has been rescheduled by majority vote to November 19th at 8:30 AM**. It was originally 45 questions long, but will be shorter now obviously as it covers less than the intended material. The quiz will consist of all material up to that point (11/2 to 11/16).

Resources
Last Year's Objectives